Atopic dermatitis, also called Eczema
Treatment of eczema is complex and will involve a personally tailored combination of a skin care routine and medicated creams, possibly with wet wraps. Management of infection on the skin may be needed with a course of antibiotics or diluted bleach baths. Once clearance is achieved, a good long-term maintenance plan is crucial for ongoing control.
What is it?
Eczema is an itchy red scaly skin rash that is more common in children but can affect people of all ages. It is not contagious; it is an inflammatory skin condition that is often inherited. There is no cure for eczema, but good management is really important.
What causes it?
The exact cause is unknown but there is often a family history of eczema, asthma or hay fever. Many different factors can trigger an eczema rash such as soaps, grasses, the environment or illness (such as cold or flu).
What are the symptoms?
Eczema often starts around 4-6 months of age and appears as dry itchy red skin. It may start on the cheeks then affect the whole body. Scratch marks can often be seen, and the skin will become thicker and have prominent skin lines when the scratching has been happening for a long time.
What are the treatment options?
Gentle soap free washes and moisturisers are important in the ongoing care of people with eczema. Topical medicines, creams or ointments applied directly to the skin are the usual treatment for eczema. Patients with persistent severe eczema may need to be prescribed other treatment such as phototherapy, medicines that modulate the immune system response, or newer targeted medications.
What to expect at your appointment
You will be asked questions about your experience of eczema, what creams you are using now and previous treatments you have tried. You will also be asked questions about your past and current health, and how the eczema is affecting you and your family. Your skin will be carefully examined. Generally, no specific tests will be needed to diagnose eczema.